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Troubled budget carrier Spirit Airlines said it would sell planes and cut jobs; its shares rose 15%

Spirit Airlines Shares of the troubled budget airline surged Friday after the carrier said it would cut jobs and sell planes.

The stock closed up 16% for the day at $2.79 a share.

Late Thursday, Spirit unveiled a plan to cut costs and raise cash by selling 23 older Airbus jets. The sale will bring in $519 million, Spirit said in a securities filing.

The company also said it would cut about $80 million in costs by cutting jobs.

Last week, the airline again delayed until the end of December the refinancing of more than $1 billion in debt to give its credit card processor some breathing room.

Spirit has struggled to return to profitability after the pandemic, facing shifts in travel demand and the grounding of dozens of Pratt & Whitney-powered aircraft.

Despite Friday’s gains, Spirit shares are down more than 80% this year after a judge blocked JetBlue Airways’ plan to acquire Spirit. .

Spirit did not immediately comment on the number of layoffs but said its 2025 capacity will be in the mid-teens from this year. The company began furloughing about 200 pilots in September. The company said flight attendants were “in a good position” because many crew members took voluntary leave.

Earlier this week, The Wall Street Journal reported that Spirit and Frontier Airlines had restarted merger talks, driving the stock higher. The two airlines did not immediately comment. The two budget airlines had reached a merger agreement but were forced to break off an offer to acquire Spirit outright in April 2022 when JetBlue intervened.

Late Thursday, Spirit forecast a third-quarter operating margin of negative 24.5%, better than its previous forecast of a negative 29% margin in the third quarter.
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Why flights to Europe are the cheapest they’ve been in years

Flights between the U.S. and Europe have never been this cheap in three years, with many countries just lifting coronavirus restrictions.

Even in the late fall and winter, when traffic is traditionally light (outside of major holidays), fares are low.

“It’s hard to book flights this time of year,” said Brett Snyder, a writer for the travel website Cranky Flier.

“Affordable” transatlantic fares to Europe averaged $578 in November, down from $619 a year earlier, according to flight tracking company Hopper.

That’s the lowest price for the month since 2021, when fares were $479, and with much international travel in the doldrums because of the pandemic, Hopper data shows.

After the year-end holidays, fares in January 2025 are even lower: $558, compared with $578 in 2024, but up from $488 in January 2022, Hopper said.

On the other hand, domestic airfares have been more expensive every month from November through March than they were a year ago.

Many airlines, including financially troubled Spirit Airlines and profitable Southwest Airlines, have cut flights or cut growth plans for next year, helping keep U.S. airfares stable. A shortage of aircraft has also limited airlines from adding flights.

Overall, there have been some periods of weaker demand, executives at the largest U.S. airlines, Delta Air Lines, United Airlines and American Airlines, said on Tuesday, a week before and after the U.S. presidential election, and Trump said.

How airlines got here

Airlines are racing to add flights between the U.S. and Europe to meet post-pandemic travel demand.

This growth isn’t just happening in the peak season. Executives noted they are seeing increased demand in the shoulder season to Europe as travelers look to avoid hot summer temperatures and crowds. So they are also adding flights in the off-peak season.

Airline capacity between the U.S. and Europe in the fourth quarter was slightly lower than last year, but higher than in 2019 and nearly double the same period in 2021, according to Cirium.

“I expect prices to be low next year (to Europe),” said Hayley Berg, chief economist at Hopper.

The peak European travel season is now two years old, and many travelers are just finishing trips to popular destinations such as Spain and Italy, which means fewer tickets will be booked in the off-season.

“It’s not like last year when airlines can make a ton of money,” said Scott Keyes, founder of travel app Going (formerly Scott’s Cheap Flights).

Airlines typically offer discounts during the off-season, but this year’s discounts are cheaper.

“That’s the sign,” Keyes said. “When they have to discount, they have to stimulate demand.”

To keep travelers from getting tired of European vacation spots when the warm-weather travel season arrives next year, airlines are trying new things. United Airlines, which noted that many passengers have been heading to major European cities, plans to expand flights to more remote destinations such as Greenland and Mongolia next year.

“We can achieve the same financial results outside of our partner hubs,” United Chief Commercial Officer Andrew Nocella said on an earnings call last month. “So we’re looking around the world for new destinations, popular destinations and destinations where, most importantly, we can make money.”
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GE Fanuc VMIVME-4132 Analog Output Board, Designed for Industrial Automation

GEFANUC_VMIVME-7455_DATASHEET VMIC VMIVME-7455-000

The VMIVME-7455 is a 6U single-slot VMEbus module that provides a multi-session CD-ROM drive capability for VMIC’s line of embedded VMEbus computers. The drive is compatible with CD-I, Video CD, Enhanced CD, and CD PLUS.

The VMIVME-7455 establishes connection to the single board computer (SBC) IDE interface through the VMEbus P2 user-defined pins. The type of SBC module and physical arrangement of the VME chassis determine the optional cable required. For typical application with a single-slot SBC, the VMIVME-7455 is physically placed adjacent to the SBC and VMIVME-7452 combination. Connection between the boards is accomplished with the VMXC-3 cable assembly. For applications with a two slot computer, or installations where the VMIVME-7455 is not placed adjacent to the computer, the 14-inch VMXC-H cable assembly is recommended.

The VMIVME-7455 is an IDE slave only device. For applications where the VMIVME-7455 must be configured as IDE master device or when it is the only device on the IDE interface; for example, when used with a VMIVME-7751 with an internal hard disk drive, a different cable assembly is required. When the VMIVME-7455 is placed adjacent to the VMEbus computer, use the VMXC-9 cable. For applications where the VMIVME-7455 is used with a two-slot computer, such as the VMIVME-7751, use the VMXC-K cable.

SPECIFICATIONS

Physical Dimensions: Standard VME double height Eurocard (one slot) 160 x 233.25 x 20.32 mm

User Connectors: VME standard 96-pin DIN P2 connector

Interface: ATAPI/IDE

Ambient Temperature: Operating: 5 to 50 ˚C Nonoperating: 0 to 55 °C

Humidity: 20 to 80 percent, noncondensing, maximum wet bulb 29 °C

CD-ROM Transfer Rate (Sustained): 1,548 to 3,600 Kbyte/s (FULL – CAV)

CD-ROM Transfer Rate (Burst): 16.7 Mbyte/s

Random Access Time: 130 ms, typical

Vibration: Operating: 0.15 G or less (5 to 300 Hz, horizontal operation) Nonoperating: 2 G or less (5 to 300 Hz)

Shock: Operating: 5 G or less (half sine wave 11 ms) Nonoperating: 60 G or less (half sine wave 11 ms)

Power Requirements: +5 V, ±5 percent, 20 mA typical (standby mode), 600 mA typical (sequential read)
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PVD164A2059 3BHE014340R2059 AC800 Controller Transparent software structure and easy programming

The AC 800PEC is the perfect way to unite the system design capabilities of ABB’s ControlIT with the control and simulation capabilities of MATLAB® / Simulink®. Quick implementation of complex control algorithms (e.g. model predictive control) reduces development cycles and costs. Furthermore, the system is open to future technologies.

Implementation of the AC 800PEC software on the three performance levels provides an exceptional range of control and communication functionality:

Level 1: System engineering (ControlIT) ABB’s ControlIT supports all 5 IEC61131-3 programming languages and uses ABB’s Control Builder as the programming tool. This is the level on which system engineers implement functions that do not require high-speed performance but demand quick and easy adaptation to a specific project. AC 800PEC controllers can also be fully integrated into ABB’s 800xA automation systems.

Level 2: Product & control development (MATLAB / Simulink™)

Fast closed-loop control applications are designed using MATLAB® / Simulink®. C-code is automatically generated and downloaded to the embedded device using Real-Time Workshop® from MathWorks®.

Typically, it is on this level that control developers will implement the control, the protection, the state machine and other functions.

Level 3: Communication & very fast logic (VHDL)

Extremely fast processes are programmed in VHDL. Protocols and some control logic requiring extremely short cycle times are implemented on this level. The standardized tasks are available as firmware modules and are not accessible to the application developers.

Modularity and connectivity for any size and performance

Scalability in size – from small and compact to large and modular

For any application size, the optimum hardware configuration is easily achieved: the processing power can either be centralized at one location with distributed logical I/O devices, or intelligent I/O devices can carry out specific tasks in the field to enhance performance and relieve the central processor.

Three system architectures provide scalability from small and compact to large and modular systems:

Compact

One processor module with integrated, fast I/O devices. This

configuration is ideally suited for:

− Smaller applications

− Limited-space applications

− Intelligent field devices, e.g. subsystems in distributed applications

Standard

One processor module with separate, fast logical I/O devices. This configuration is ideally suited for:

− Standard industrial applications with central processing

− Small applications with detached, fast I/O

Modular

One or several central processor modules with separate, fast, intelligent I/O and fast logical I/O devices. Full and trouble-free integration into higher-level plant control systems as well as future expansions and reconfigurations are easy thanks to the fully modular architecture.

Scalability in performance – you and your process define

what you need

Your process defines the required performance level. Several

pre-configured software packages are available for easy and

straightforward engineering:

− DCS (Distributed Control System)

− Processing cycle times down to 1 ms

− Use of slow I/O

− Programming in Control Builder

− PLC (Programmable Logic Controller)

− Processing cycle times down to 1 ms

− Use of fast and slow I/O

− Programming in Control Builder

− PAC (Programmable Automation Controller)

− Cycle times down to 100 μs

− Use of fast and slow I/O

− Programming in MATLAB/Simulink and Control Builder

Process interfaces for any speed The AC 800PEC provides two kinds of I/O – fast and slow. Whereas the fast I/O system covers read and write operations requiring less than 1 ms, the slow I/O system covers speeds above 1 ms.

The fast I/O system is AC 800PEC specific, using devices connected exclusively via fiber optic links, and brings substantial advantages compared to electric concepts:

− Fast communication between controller and I/O devices

− High immunity to electromagnetic interference

− Potential-free connections, making isolating transmitters obsolete The slow I/O modules from ABB’s S800 system can be added to any configuration, depending on project needs
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PPD513AOC-100440 3BHE039724R0C3D 800 D513 AC 800PEC The high-performance control system for model-based design

Can you imagine a process with a cycle time of less than 100 μs? We can – and we’ve built the AC 800PEC to achieve it,

High-performance applications with extremely fast control algorithms – cycle times that range from 100 microseconds for fast control loops to seconds for long-term operational transients – require specialized control devices.ABB PPD113 3BHE023584R2634 - Advanced Process Control Module

That is why we have designed the AC 800PEC, extending the capabilities of ABB’s well-known ControlIT automation technology to handle the very high-speed algorithms of processes such as power electronics applications. We’ve even gone a step further: now, a single processor unit combines these high-speed controls with the low-speed process control tasks usually carried out by separate PLC units.

To facilitate the implementation of control algorithms, the AC 800PEC can be programmed using MATLAB® / Simulink® – the code is automatically generated from the model and can be downloaded without manual interaction.

Embedded into a robust and flexible system structure with integrated standard communication, the AC 800PEC is unique in the field of industrial process controllers.

The AC 800PEC, the ultimate approach for high demands

The AC 800PEC provides the unique combination of features required in demanding applications:

− Short cycle times down to 100 μs

− High processing power

− Fast communication and I/O

− Programming tools:

− System engineering with IEC61131-3 languages using ABB’s Control Builder, either as Compact or Professional version

− Product & control development using MATLAB® / Simulink® for model-based design, easily bridging the gap from simulation to implementation

− Full integration into ABB’s System 800xA

− Innovative and flexible use of FPGAs to include protocols and application functionality in the devices without creating additional processor load

− Optical communication

− Industrial grade hardware with no moving parts

− Long life cycle, easy upgrading

Built to control power – in industry, utilities and traction

ABB is a globally active company with full process know-how in a wide field of industrial, utility, traction, marine and other applications. As a result, the AC 800PEC is a key controller for ABB’s own range of industrial applications, and also for third party products and systems.

The AC 800PEC is an efficient and flexible controller family. Thanks to its short cycle times, fast I/O, high processing power and advanced control using MATLAB® / Simulink®, the AC 800PEC:

− Increases process quality and output − Saves development and engineering costs

− Reduces the energy consumption of your products − Shortens time-to-market for your development project

− Saves headcount and resources in engineering and software development − Enhances Return on Assets (ROA)

The modular structure of the AC 800PEC control system means it can adapt to any application size, from the largest industrial plants and propulsion systems down to very compact products where space and cost are critical. All over the world, many thousands of processors are now proving their worth in a wide variety of extremely demanding applications.

Tuned for performance and efficiency

Powerful hardware for efficient high-speed processing

The AC 800PEC combines the floating-point computing performance of the CPU with the flexibility and high speed capability of an FPGA.

The system is separated into three performance levels covering different cycle times. Control tasks are allocated depending on their speed requirements:

− Very fast tasks down to 25 ns

− Fast tasks down to 100 μs

− Slow tasks down to 1 ms

The hardware architecture of the AC 800PEC is an ideal match to the three-level software structure.

To support the short processing cycle times, the AC 800PEC provides a fast I/O system. Depending on the speed of the I/O connection, it is possible to achieve data throughput times below 100 μs – including the time required to read, transmit, process, transmit and write the signal.
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AC800PEC Controller GFD563A102 3BHE046836R0102 Scalability in Performance

AC800PEC Controller GFD563A102 3BHE046836R0102 Scalability in Performance

Your process defines the required performance level. Several preconfigured software packages are available for easy and straightforward engineering.

DCS (Distributed Control System)

• Processing cycle times down to 1 ms

• Use of slow I/O

• Programming in Control Builder HMI (Human Machine Interface)

• Processing cycle times down to 1 ms

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• Programming of interface in Control BuilderABB PPD113 B01-26-111000 3BHE023784R2630: Advanced Process Control Module

• Nearly all common field busses supported

• Hardware time stamping available upon request PLC (Programmable Logic Controller)

• Processing cycle times down to 1 ms

• Use of fast and slow I/O

• Programming in Control Builder PAC (Programmable Automation Controller)

• Cycle times down to 100 μs

• Use of fast and slow I/O

• Programming in MATLAB®/Simulink® and

Control Builder

Process interfaces for any speed The AC 800PEC provides two kinds of I/O – fast and slow. The fast I/O system covers read and write operations requiring less than 1 ms, and the slow I/O system covers speeds above 1 ms.

The fast I/O system is AC 800PEC specific, using devices connected exclusively via fiber optic links, and brings substantial advantages compared to electric concepts:

• Fast communication between controller and I/O devices

• High immunity to electromagnetic interference

• Potential-free connections, making isolating transmitters obsolete

The slow I/O modules from ABB’s S800 system can be added to any configuration, depending on project needs.

Versatile and reliable The AC 800PEC adapts to any application

Seamless integration into plant control In today’s demanding market, a controller must not only deliver maximum performance but also provide transparency. In this respect, the

AC 800PEC provides a large range of possibilities. Integrated communication ensures transparent, plant-wide data exchange and control – from overall plant control to separate processes. Use of ABB’s System 800xA with the powerful AC 800PEC controller permits uniform automation throughout the plant, seamlessly integrating advanced solutions into the process control system. The AC 800PEC provides connectivity, using either native (built-in) or add-on functionality. Native (depending on the configuration):

• MMS

• Modbus TCP Slave

• IEC61850

• ABB Fast Fiber Optic Link

• ABB Drivebus (DDCS)

• IbaPDA

• Optical Modulebus (S800)

• CANopen

Add-on

Using ABB CEX Modules:

• ABB Drivebus (DDCS)

• Profibus Master DPV1

• Modbus RTU

• S100 I/O

• Masterbus 300

Using Anybus modules

• CANopen

• ControlNet

• DeviceNet

• Profibus Slave

• Profibus Slave DPV1

• Profibus Master DPV1

• Profinet I/O

• EtherCAT Slave

• Ethernet/IP

Well-suited to a harsh environment – the AC 800PEC

Since the AC 800PEC controller is used in different ABB solutions, there is a huge installed base, which enables the extraction of long-term lifecycle experiences.

Traction, with its particularly harsh environmental conditions, is one of the most important applications of the AC 800PEC.

The controller operates through a wide temperature range (-40 to +70 °C), with vibrations according to traction standards. The compact solution is the ideal response to the demands of restricted spaces and allows integration of the processing unit together with all the I/O’s in the same compact hardware device.

Reliability is a must – the AC 800PEC in powergeneration

Typically, excitation systems are used for generator control in power plants where high reliability is the no. 1 requirement. Due to the very short process cycles, traditional redundancy concepts are no longer applicable.

The modular architecture of the AC 800PEC not only greatly reduces the complexity of the overall system, but redundant subsystems also provide increased reliability. Should a problem occur in one subsystem, the main controller switches over to the remaining subsystems, which are scaled in such a way that the overall task can still be fulfilled. Should the main controller fail, a second controller is available in hot-standby.The modular architecture of the AC 800PEC not

only greatly reduces the complexity of the overall system, but redundant subsystems also provide increased reliability. Should a problem occur in one subsystem, the main controller switches over to the remaining subsystems, which are scaled in such a way that the overall task can still be fulfilled. Should the main controller fail, a second controller is available in hot-standby.
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